A STUDY OF ANEMIA IN BETA – THALASSEMIA CARRIER PATIENTS IN INDEX MEDICAL COLLEGE, HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTER, INDORE ( M.P.)

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted at Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Indore (M.P.) from June 2019- May 2020.

Material and Methods: Patients attending the department of haematology and referred from other periphery area after written consent (below and above 18 years patients of both gender) were included in the study. There haemogram and blood group, blood urea , serum creatinine, serum iron and vitamin B – 12 level, urine R/M and stool test for worm infestation and liver function were done bedside all relevant investigations. There blood sample for electrophoresis was done HbA1 and HbA2 and HbS who had criteria that showed thalassemia with a peripheral blood picture and electrophoresis with Hb less than 10 gm/dl were noticed and analysis done .

Exclusion Criteria: Patient who had more than 10 gm haemoglobin, pregnant women, patients who refused for written consent with other haematological disorder such as sickle cell anemia, patients who had undergone blood transfusion within 4 months, patients suffering from HIV and HBV – HCV infection , patients of tropical splenomegaly and cancer patients .

Results: In females, below 18 years, total patients were 13 out of which 12 patients needed blood

transfusion and above 18 years, total patients were 27 out of which 25 patients needed blood transfusion.

In males, below 18 years, total patients were 22 out of which 19 patients needed blood transfusion and above 18 years, total patients were 13 out of which 9 patients needed blood transfusion.

Conclusion: Most of the carriers are asymptomatic but few of them had symptoms and may need blood transfusion also. Pre-marital counseling for genetic disorder through genetic counseling is good tool to lesson the burden of genetic transmitted disease and recurrent transfusion and iron - overloaded.

Keywords: Beta - thalassemia and its type, MCH (mean cell hemoglobin), MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH C (mean cell hemoglobin concentration ), Hb A1 (adult hemoglobin ), Hb A2(adult hemoglobin), HbF (fetal hemoglobin).