A CLINICAL PATTERN & ELEMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN ADULT PATIENTS AT TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is becoming more popular across the world. The term "status asthmaticus" refers to an acute severe asthma (ASA) aggravation in which the bronchial obstruction is profound and does not improve through the use of appropriate and normal treatment.

Aims  &  Objectives:  To investigate the clinical profile and related precipitating factors with bronchial asthma.

Materials & Methods: This was a one-year cross-sectional research conducted in the Respiratory Medicine Department of a Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College Jhansi tertiary health care centre. This research included 164 cases diagnosed with bronchial asthma, ranging in age from 21 to 60 years old. Each patient's diagnosis was based on a thorough medical history and clinical review. Following their agreement, they were interviewed and details about their asthma, allergies, co-morbidities, frequency of hospital visits, and length of complaints before initiating treatment was obtained. A pre-tested, semi-structured question environment was used to collect data on the variables. Proportions and percentages were used in the statistical analysis.

Result: The majority of cases were between the ages of 41 to 55 years, accounting for 55 percent of the total, with 55 to 60 yrs. (34 percent) following 21 to 40 yrs (11 percent ). Males made up 62 percent of the cases, while females made up 38 percent. The majority of the cases had Moderate Persistent Complaints (35percent) accompanied by Mild Persistent Complaints (27percent), Severe Persistent Complaints (22percent), and Sporadic Persistent Complaints (16percent). Cold environment and dust were the most common triggers for asthma in 83 percent of cases, followed by Only Cold Environment in 74 percent, Only to Dust in 72 percent, H/o URTI in 67 percent, Exposure to Smoke (Chulha) in 39 percent, Exposure to Pollens in 35 percent, Exposure to Passive Smoking in 24 percent, and H/o Consumption of peculiar Food in 23 percent.

Conclusion: The majority of cases in our sample were between the ages of 41 to 55, with males being more common. The majority of the cases had Moderate Persistent Complaints, with Mild Persistent Complaints coming in second. Cold environment and dust were the most common triggers for asthma, accompanied by only cold environment, only dust, H/o URTI, exposure to smoke (Chulha), exposure to pollens, and exposure to passive smoking in H/o Consumption of strange food.

Key words: Bronchial Asthma, URTI (Upper Respiratory Tract infection), Triggering factors.