INVESTIGATION OF THE CYTOLOGICAL PATTERN OF A CERVICAL PAPANICOLAOU SMEAR IN A MEDICAL COLLEGE USING THE BETHESDA SYSTEM

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer has emerged as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in emerging nations such as India. Cervical cancer has become the commonest cancer cause of death in female in developing nations. Developing nations are responsible for over 80% of the global load.

Aim: The goal of this research was to look at the cytology of 300 cervical Pap-smears and classify them according to Bethesda-2014. To demonstrate the importance of this Pap-smear examination in distinguishing between pre-malignant and malignant tumours.

Materials and Methods: A total of 300 Papaincolaou smears from Central India, ranging in age from 22 to 80 years, were studied retrospectively during a two-year period in the cytology section of the Pathology department.

Results: Out of 300 cases, the majority were negative for intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy 247 cases (82.3%), followed by atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance 16 cases (5.33%), low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion 8 cases (2.66%), high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion 3 cases (1%), and carcinoma cases 03 (1%). (0.6 percent).

Conclusions: Cervical cytology by Pap-smear is an important method for early detection of pre-malignant and malignant cervix lesions. As a result, it is suggested that all vulnerable age groups get regular Pap-smear screenings.

Keywords: Pap-smear, cervical cancer and Bethesda system.