Assessment of Biochemical Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Cross Sectional Study

Authors

  • Imran Hussain Consutant Nephrologist, Ivy Hospital Amritsar.
  • Rishman Kaur Tandi Medical Officer Nayyar Heart and Super specialty Institute Amritsar
  • Navdeep Singh Intern Government Medical College Amritsar
  • Gurnoor Kaur Intern Government Medical College Amritsar
  • Gurpreet Singh Intern Government Medical College Amritsar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v6i8.2596

Keywords:

Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypocalcaemia, Haemodialysis, Osteoporosis

Abstract

Introduction With a global surge in patients of diabetes mellitus and hypertension the incidence of chronic kidney disease is increasing exponentially. Irrespective of aetiology of chronic kidney disease the management of end stage renal disease is some or the other kind of replacement therapy that may include renal transplantation of haemodialysis. Various metabolic derangement take place in patients of chronic kidney disease that include hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism which consequently is responsible for osteoporosis in these patients. Early diagnosis of osteoporosis and appropriate intervention is essential in these patients for proper management.

Aims and Objective:-

  • To study the pattern of various mineral abnormalities and biochemical markers like Sr Ca,Sr P, iPTH, 25(OH)vitamin D and FGF23 in patients having chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis.
  • To elucidate the relationship between biochemical markers and correlate DEXA findings with biochemical markers.

Materials and Methods

This was a cross sectional study conducted in the department of nephrology of Osmania medical college Hyderabad India institute. The study was conducted over a period of 2 years (Jan 2019 to Jan 2021). In this study 50 patients having chronic renal dialysis and who were being treated by haemodialysis were included on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. plasma samples were analysed for 25OH-vit D and iPTH and serum for all other biochemical parameters. Bone mineral density was assessed at femoral neck, distal radius and lumbar spine. Presence of osteoporosis or osteopenia was noted. P value less than 0.05 was taken as significant for statistical purposes.

Results: -

Out of 50 patients having chronic kidney diseases there were 35 males and 15 females with a M:F ratio of 1:0.42. The mean age of affected male and female patients was found to be 49.4 +/- 7.79 and 47.8 +/- 7.74 years respectively. Diabetic Nephropathy was the most common cause of chronic kidney disease which was seen in 27 (54%) patients. Amongst 50 studied cases 15 (30%) patients were normocalcemic whereas hypocalcaemia and hypercalcemia were seen in 33 (66%) and 2 (4%) patients respectively. Estimation of bone mineral density showed that a total of 39 (78%) patient were either osteoporotic or osteopenic and 11 (22%) patients were having normal bone mineral density. There was a negative correlation between parathyroid hormone and 25 (OH) vitamin D and the correlation was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion: -

Patients with chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis are predisposed for development of osteoporosis and its consequences such as pathological fractures. Assessment of Bone mineral density and its proper management by anti-resorptive therapy is essential part of optimum management of these patients.

Keywords: - Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypocalcaemia, Haemodialysis, Osteoporosis.

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Published

2022-09-16

How to Cite

Hussain, I. ., Kaur Tandi, R. ., Singh, N. ., Kaur, G. ., & Singh, G. . (2022). Assessment of Biochemical Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies, 6(8). https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v6i8.2596

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