From Gestational Diabetes to Fatty Liver: Tracking the Journey to Prediabetes and Diabetes in Women – A Prospective Observational Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v8i3.2803Keywords:
Gestational Diabetes MellitusAbstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are recognized risk variables for the development of prediabetes and diabetes. Understanding the combined effect of these conditions on the progression to glucose intolerance is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. The study aimed to examine the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes in females with a history of GDM and NAFLD, in contrast to those with only one or neither condition, and to identify key risk factors related with these outcomes.
Methods: 200 women were enrolled in a prospective observational study and allocated into four groups: Group A (GDM only), Group B (NAFLD only), Group C (both GDM and NAFLD), and Group D (control group with neither condition). Participants were followed for two years, with incidence rates of prediabetes and diabetes recorded. Baseline characteristics were assessed, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify significant risk factors.
Results: The highest incidence of prediabetes and diabetes was observed in Group C, with 60% developing prediabetes and 50% developing diabetes. Group A had 40% prediabetes and 20% diabetes incidence, Group B had 36% and 24%, respectively, and Group D had 20% and 10%. Higher BMI, family history of diabetes, history of GDM, and presence of NAFLD were significant risk factors, while healthy dietary habits were protective.
Conclusion: Females with a history of both GDM and NAFLD are at a considerably higher risk of developing prediabetes and diabetes. These findings underline the importance of targeted prevention and early intervention strategies in this high-risk population.
Recommendations: Healthcare providers should prioritize monitoring and managing women with both GDM and NAFLD to prevent the onset of prediabetes and diabetes. Regular screening and promoting healthy lifestyle modifications are essential to mitigate these risks.
Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Prediabetes, Diabetes, Risk Factors, Preventive Strategies
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