Evaluation of Postoperative Outcomes Following Billroth-Ii Reconstruction after Subtotal Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Gastric carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth-II reconstruction is a common surgical approach for its management. However, understanding postoperative outcomes and associated factors is essential for improving patient care.

Aim: To evaluate the postoperative outcomes, clinical presentations, and histopathological findings in patients undergoing Billroth-II reconstruction following subtotal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients who underwent Billroth-II reconstruction. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological characteristics using structured questionnaires and medical records. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 21).

Results: The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 12.3 years, with a male predominance (60%). The most common presenting symptoms were pain (60%), burning sensation (45%), and postprandial fullness (35%). Endoscopic findings revealed abnormalities in 70% of patients, with 40% showing erythema and 15% presenting with ulcer-like growths. Histopathology confirmed 80% malignant lesions, predominantly adenocarcinoma, and 20% benign lesions. Postoperative complications occurred in 25% of patients, including anastomotic leakage, wound infections, and bleeding.

Conclusion: Most patients presented with advanced disease, as evidenced by severe symptoms, abnormal endoscopic findings, and a high proportion of malignancies. These findings highlight the critical need for early detection and intervention to improve outcomes.

Recommendations: Enhanced screening programs targeting high-risk populations, particularly males and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, should be implemented. Additionally, improvements in perioperative care and follow-up are essential to minimize postoperative complications.

Keywords: Gastric Carcinoma, Billroth-II Reconstruction, Subtotal Gastrectomy, Histopathology, Postoperative Outcomes, Endoscopic Findings