Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Working Adults and Its Association with Work-Related Stress: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Workplace mental health is increasingly recognized as a public health concern. Anxiety and depression among working adults often go unnoticed, affecting productivity and quality of life.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among working adults in a semi-urban community and assess its association with perceived work-related stress.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 400 working adults aged 21–60 years. Data were collected using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Sociodemographic and occupational variables were recorded. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and Pearson correlation.

Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety and depression was 25.3% and 29.8% respectively. High perceived stress was reported in 38.5% of participants. Significant associations were found between high stress levels and both anxiety (p < 0.001) and depression (p < 0.001). Individuals with longer working hours and lower income had higher rates of mental distress.

Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among working adults and are strongly linked with work-related stress. Mental health interventions focusing on stress management and early screening are essential for this population.

Keywords: Anxiety, depression, working adults, stress, PSS, PHQ-9, GAD-7, mental health